TY - JOUR
T1 - Synchronizing dynamic multileaf collimators for producing two- dimensional intensity-modulated fields with minimum beam delivery time
AU - Ma, Lijun
AU - Boyer, A. L.
AU - Ma, C. M.
AU - Xing, L.
PY - 1999/7/15
Y1 - 1999/7/15
N2 - Purpose: Leaf motion synchronization of dynamic multileaf collimators (DMLC) for intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) is important in improving dose distribution and reducing 'tongue-and-groove' effects for a prescribed intensity profile. Leaf synchronization could also be used in transforming a one-dimensional leaf-setting algorithm into a two-dimensional leaf-setting algorithm. In this work, we aim to develop a generalized leaf synchronization method for delivering IMRT with the minimized beam delivery time and the optimized subfield variations for a leaf-setting sequence. Methods and Materials: With the leaf synchronization procedure, all active MLC leaf pairs start and finish off a leaf sequence simultaneously. In this work, the MLC leaf pairs were synchronized under the condition that the resulting leaf sequence produces the desired intensity profile with the minimum beam delivery time. The parameter of the leaf synchronization function was determined through the least-square minimization of the area variations of all subfields within a leaf sequence. The leaf synchronization and optimization procedure were applied and analyzed for clinical relevant intensity profiles for treating the head-and-neck cancer patients using IMRT. Results: The total monitor units and the optimized beam delivery time of generating a two-dimensional intensity profile was proven through this work to be the global minimum of all leaf-setting sequences including the unsynchronized leaf-setting sequences. The optimized parameter for subfield variations of the synchronized leaf trajectories was found to be dependent on individual intensity profiles. For all our studied cases, the unsynchronized leaf trajectories always have significantly larger subfield variations than the synchronized leaf trajectories. Conclusion: It is important and also feasible to synchronize and optimize dynamic MLC leaf motions while still keeping the total beam delivery time minimum for delivering arbitrary two- dimensional intensity-modulated fields.
AB - Purpose: Leaf motion synchronization of dynamic multileaf collimators (DMLC) for intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) is important in improving dose distribution and reducing 'tongue-and-groove' effects for a prescribed intensity profile. Leaf synchronization could also be used in transforming a one-dimensional leaf-setting algorithm into a two-dimensional leaf-setting algorithm. In this work, we aim to develop a generalized leaf synchronization method for delivering IMRT with the minimized beam delivery time and the optimized subfield variations for a leaf-setting sequence. Methods and Materials: With the leaf synchronization procedure, all active MLC leaf pairs start and finish off a leaf sequence simultaneously. In this work, the MLC leaf pairs were synchronized under the condition that the resulting leaf sequence produces the desired intensity profile with the minimum beam delivery time. The parameter of the leaf synchronization function was determined through the least-square minimization of the area variations of all subfields within a leaf sequence. The leaf synchronization and optimization procedure were applied and analyzed for clinical relevant intensity profiles for treating the head-and-neck cancer patients using IMRT. Results: The total monitor units and the optimized beam delivery time of generating a two-dimensional intensity profile was proven through this work to be the global minimum of all leaf-setting sequences including the unsynchronized leaf-setting sequences. The optimized parameter for subfield variations of the synchronized leaf trajectories was found to be dependent on individual intensity profiles. For all our studied cases, the unsynchronized leaf trajectories always have significantly larger subfield variations than the synchronized leaf trajectories. Conclusion: It is important and also feasible to synchronize and optimize dynamic MLC leaf motions while still keeping the total beam delivery time minimum for delivering arbitrary two- dimensional intensity-modulated fields.
KW - Conformal radiotherapy
KW - Dynamic jaw
KW - Intensity modulation
KW - Intensity-modulated radiotherapy
KW - Leaf sequencing algorithm
KW - Multileaf collimator
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0032776204&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/S0360-3016(99)00121-2
DO - 10.1016/S0360-3016(99)00121-2
M3 - Article
C2 - 10421549
AN - SCOPUS:0032776204
SN - 0360-3016
VL - 44
SP - 1147
EP - 1154
JO - International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics
JF - International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics
IS - 5
ER -