Secondary carina Y-stent placement for post-lung-transplant bronchial stenosis

Background: Post-lung-transplant bronchial stenosis (TBS) may cause significant morbidity and mortality. Although often transiently relieved by balloon bronchoplasty, stents may be required for long-term airway patency. We report a series of lung transplant patients in whom a silicone Y-stent was placed at the secondary carina for long-standing relief of post-transplantairway stenosis. Methods: Six lung transplant patients received 10 silicone Y-stents in the secondary carina over the past 18 months for post-transplant-bronchial stenosis. All patients failed other interventional therapeutic procedures including balloon bronchoplasty and/or conventional stenting before secondary carina Y-stent placement. Patient data include 12 months' follow-up after Y-stent insertion. The number of procedures and the interval between procedures was examined before and after secondary carina silicone Y-stent placement. Results: There was a significantly prolonged therapeutic effect accomplished in these patients after secondary carina Y-stent placement with the exception of 1 patient. When stents were tolerated by the patient, the mean number of procedures before secondary carina Y-stent insertion was 15.6, but only 4.8 after Y-stent insertion. The number of days between procedures was 24.5 days before the Y-stent insertion and 85.8 days after the Y-stent insertion. There were no complications in any patient during secondary carina Y-stent insertion. Conclusions: Secondary carina silicone Y-stent placement in TBS decreased the number of therapeutic procedures and provided longer-lasting results in most posttransplant patients who required multiple prior procedures for TBS.