Multiblock Discriminant Analysis of Integrative 18F-FDG-PET/CT Radiomics for Predicting Circulating Tumor Cells in Early-Stage Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy

Sang Ho Lee, Gary D. Kao, Steven J. Feigenberg, Jay F. Dorsey, Melissa A. Frick, Samuel Jean-Baptiste, Chibueze Z. Uche, Keith A. Cengel, William P. Levin, Abigail T. Berman, Charu Aggarwal, Yong Fan, Ying Xiao

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

9 Scopus citations

Abstract

Purpose: The main objective of the present study was to integrate 18F-FDG-PET/CT radiomics with multiblock discriminant analysis for predicting circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (ES-NSCLC) treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). Methods: Fifty-six patients with stage I NSCLC treated with SBRT underwent 18F-FDG-PET/CT imaging pre-SBRT and post-SBRT (median, 5 months; range, 3-10 months). CTCs were assessed via a telomerase-based assay before and within 3 months after SBRT and dichotomized at 5 and 1.3 CTCs/mL. Pre-SBRT, post-SBRT, and delta PET/CT radiomics features (n = 1548 × 3/1562 × 3) were extracted from gross tumor volume. Seven feature blocks were constructed including clinical parameters (n = 12). Multiblock data integration was performed using block sparse partial least squares-discriminant analysis (sPLS-DA) referred to as Data Integration Analysis for Biomarker Discovery Using Latent Components (DIABLO) for identifying key signatures by maximizing common information between different feature blocks while discriminating CTC levels. Optimal input blocks were identified using a pairwise combination method. DIABLO performance for predicting pre-SBRT and post-SBRT CTCs was evaluated using combined AUC (area under the curve, averaged across different blocks) analysis with 20 × 5–fold cross-validation (CV) and compared with that of concatenation-based sPLS-DA that consisted of combining all features into 1 block. CV prediction scores between 1 class versus the other were compared using the Wilcoxon rank sum test. Results: For predicting pre-SBRT CTCs, DIABLO achieved the best performance with combined pre-SBRT PET radiomics and clinical feature blocks, showing CV AUC of 0.875 (P = .009). For predicting post-SBRT CTCs, DIABLO achieved the best performance with combined post-SBRT CT and delta CT radiomics feature blocks, showing CV AUCs of 0.883 (P = .001). In contrast, all single-block sPLS-DA models could not attain CV AUCs higher than 0.7. Conclusions: Multiblock integration with discriminant analysis of 18F-FDG-PET/CT radiomics has the potential for predicting pre-SBRT and post-SBRT CTCs. Radiomics and CTC analysis may complement and together help guide the subsequent management of patients with ES-NSCLC.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1451-1465
Number of pages15
JournalInternational Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics
Volume110
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - Aug 1 2021

Keywords

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Area Under Curve
  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/blood
  • Discriminant Analysis
  • Female
  • Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms/blood
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplastic Cells, Circulating
  • Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography
  • Prospective Studies
  • Radiopharmaceuticals
  • Statistics, Nonparametric
  • Tumor Burden

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