Metal versus plastic for pancreatic pseudocyst drainage: Clinical outcomes and success

Background Endoscopic transmural drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts (PPs) by using double-pigtail (DP) plastic stents requires placement of multiple stents and can be restricted by inadequate drainage and leakage risk. Recently, the use of fully covered self-expanding metal stents (FCSEMSs) has been reported as an alternative to DP plastic stents. Objective To evaluate the clinical outcomes, success rate, and adverse events of EUS-guided drainage of PPs with DP plastic stents and FCSEMSs. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Two tertiary-care academic medical centers. Patients This study involved 230 patients (mean age, 52.6 years) with PPs who underwent EUS-guided transmural drainage including 118 that were drained by using DP plastic stents and 112 by using FCSEMSs. A transgastric approach was used in 210 patients (91%), and transduodenal drainage was performed in 20 patients (9%). Interventions Stent deployment under EUS guidance. Main Outcome Measurements Technical success, early adverse events, stent occlusion requiring reintervention, and long-term success. Results At 12-month follow-up after the initial procedure, complete resolution of PPs by using DP plastic stents was lower compared with those that underwent drainage with FCSEMSs (89% vs 98%; P =.01). Procedural adverse events were noted in 31% in the DP plastic stent group and 16% in the FCSEMS group (P =.006). On multivariable analysis, patients with plastic stents were 2.9 times more likely to experience adverse events (odds ratio 2.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.4-6.3). Limitations Retrospective study. Conclusion In patients with PPs, EUS-guided drainage by using FCSEMSs improves clinical outcomes and lowers adverse event rates compared with those drained with DP plastic stents.