Management and outcomes of patients with renal medullary carcinoma: a multicentre collaborative study

Amishi Y. Shah, Jose A. Karam, Gabriel G. Malouf, Priya Rao, Zita D. Lim, Eric Jonasch, Lianchun Xiao, Jianjun Gao, Ulka N. Vaishampayan, Daniel Y. Heng, Elizabeth R. Plimack, Elizabeth A. Guancial, Chunkit Fung, Stefanie R. Lowas, Pheroze Tamboli, Kanishka Sircar, Surena F. Matin, W. Kimryn Rathmell, Christopher G. Wood, Nizar M. Tannir

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64 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective: To describe the management strategies and outcomes of patients with renal medullary carcinoma (RMC) and characterise predictors of overall survival (OS). Patients and Methods: RMC is a rare and aggressive malignancy that afflicts young patients with sickle cell trait; there are limited data on management to date. This is a study of patients with RMC who were treated in 2000–2015 at eight academic institutions in North America and France. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate OS, measured from initial RMC diagnosis to date of death. Cox regression analysis was used to determine predictors of OS. Results: In all, 52 patients (37 males) were identified. The median (range) age at diagnosis was 28 (9–48) years and 49 patients (94%) had stage III/IV. The median OS for all patients was 13.0 months and 38 patients (75%) had nephrectomy. Patients who underwent nephrectomy had superior OS compared to patients who were treated with systemic therapy only (median OS 16.4 vs 7.0 months, P < 0.001). In all, 45 patients received chemotherapy and 13 (29%) had an objective response; 28 patients received targeted therapies, with 8-week median therapy duration and no objective responses. Only seven patients (13%) survived for >24 months. Conclusions: RMC carries a poor prognosis. Chemotherapy provides palliation and remains the mainstay of therapy, but <20% of patients survive for >24 months, underscoring the need to develop more effective therapy for this rare tumour. In this study, nephrectomy was associated with improved OS.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)782-792
Number of pages11
JournalBJU International
Volume120
Issue number6
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 2017

Keywords

  • #KCSM
  • #KidneyCancer
  • kidney cancer
  • nephrectomy
  • renal cell carcinoma
  • renal medullary carcinoma (RMC)

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