@article{b0eae4e282ef4ca794b075309bbe8210,
title = "Global patterns of prostate cancer incidence, aggressiveness, and mortality in men of african descent",
abstract = "Prostate cancer (CaP) is the leading cancer among men of African descent in the USA, Caribbean, and Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The estimated number of CaP deaths in SSA during 2008 was more than five times that among African Americans and is expected to double in Africa by 2030. We summarize publicly available CaP data and collected data from the men of African descent and Carcinoma of the Prostate (MADCaP) Consortium and the African Caribbean Cancer Consortium (AC3) to evaluate CaP incidence and mortality in men of African descent worldwide. CaP incidence and mortality are highest in men of African descent in the USA and the Caribbean. Tumor stage and grade were highest in SSA. We report a higher proportion of T1 stage prostate tumors in countries with greater percent gross domestic product spent on health care and physicians per 100,000 persons. We also observed that regions with a higher proportion of advanced tumors reported lower mortality rates. This finding suggests that CaP is underdiagnosed and/or underreported in SSA men. Nonetheless, CaP incidence and mortality represent a significant public health problem in men of African descent around the world.",
author = "Rebbeck, {T. R.} and Devesa, {S. S.} and Chang, {B. L.} and Bunker, {C. H.} and I. Cheng and K. Cooney and R. Eeles and P. Fernandez and Giri, {V. N.} and Gueye, {S. M.} and Haiman, {C. A.} and Henderson, {B. E.} and Heyns, {C. F.} and Hu, {J. J.} and Ingles, {S. A.} and W. Isaacs and M. Jalloh and John, {E. M.} and Kibel, {A. S.} and Kidd, {L. R.} and P. Layne and Leach, {R. J.} and C. Neslund-Dudas and Okobia, {M. N.} and Ostrander, {E. A.} and Park, {J. Y.} and Patrick, {A. L.} and Phelan, {C. M.} and C. Ragin and Roberts, {R. A.} and Rybicki, {B. A.} and Stanford, {J. L.} and S. Strom and Thompson, {I. M.} and J. Witte and J. Xu and E. Yeboah and Hsing, {A. W.} and Zeigler-Johnson, {C. M.}",
note = "Rebbeck, Timothy R Devesa, Susan S Chang, Bao-Li Bunker, Clareann H Cheng, Iona Cooney, Kathleen Eeles, Rosalind Fernandez, Pedro Giri, Veda N Gueye, Serigne M Haiman, Christopher A Henderson, Brian E Heyns, Chris F Hu, Jennifer J Ingles, Sue Ann Isaacs, William Jalloh, Mohamed John, Esther M Kibel, Adam S Kidd, Lacreis R Layne, Penelope Leach, Robin J Neslund-Dudas, Christine Okobia, Michael N Ostrander, Elaine A Park, Jong Y Patrick, Alan L Phelan, Catherine M Ragin, Camille Roberts, Robin A Rybicki, Benjamin A Stanford, Janet L Strom, Sara Thompson, Ian M Witte, John Xu, Jianfeng Yeboah, Edward Hsing, Ann W Zeigler-Johnson, Charnita M Egypt Prostate cancer Prostate Cancer. 2013;2013:560857. doi: 10.1155/2013/560857. Epub 2013 Feb 13.",
year = "2013",
doi = "10.1155/2013/560857",
language = "English",
volume = "2013",
journal = "Prostate Cancer",
issn = "2090-3111",
publisher = "John Wiley and Sons Ltd",
}
