TY - JOUR
T1 - Exploring Racial Disparities in Awareness and Perceptions of Oncology Clinical Trials
T2 - Cross-Sectional Analysis of Baseline Data From the mychoice Study
AU - Hoadley, Ariel
AU - Fleisher, Linda
AU - Kenny, Cassidy
AU - Kelly, Patrick JA
AU - Ma, Xinrui
AU - Wu, Jingwei
AU - Guerra, Carmen
AU - Leader, Amy E
AU - Alhajji, Mohammed
AU - D’Avanzo, Paul
AU - Landau, Zoe
AU - Bass, Sarah Bauerle
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© Ariel Hoadley, Linda Fleisher, Cassidy Kenny, Patrick JA Kelly, Xinrui Ma, Jingwei Wu, Carmen Guerra, Amy E Leader, Mohammed Alhajji, Paul D'Avanzo, Zoe Landau, Sarah Bauerle Bass.
PY - 2024/9/30
Y1 - 2024/9/30
N2 - BACKGROUND: Black/African American adults are underrepresented in oncology clinical trials in the United States, despite efforts at narrowing this disparity.OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore differences in how Black/African American oncology patients perceive clinical trials to improve support for the clinical trial participation decision-making process.METHODS: As part of a larger randomized controlled trial, a total of 244 adult oncology patients receiving active treatment or follow-up care completed a cross-sectional baseline survey on sociodemographic characteristics, clinical trial knowledge, health literacy, perceptions of cancer clinical trials, patient activation, patient advocacy, health care self-efficacy, decisional conflict, and clinical trial intentions. Self-reported race was dichotomized into Black/African American and non-Black/African American. As appropriate, 2-tailed t tests and chi-square tests of independence were used to examine differences between groups.RESULTS: Black/African American participants had lower clinical trial knowledge (P=.006), lower health literacy (P<.001), and more medical mistrust (all P values <.05) than non-Black/African American participants. While intentions to participate in a clinical trial, if offered, did not vary between Black/African American and non-Black/African American participants, Black/African American participants indicated lower awareness of clinical trials, fewer benefits of clinical trials, and more uncertainty around clinical trial decision-making (all P values <.05). There were no differences for other variables.CONCLUSIONS: Despite no significant differences in intent to participate in a clinical trial if offered and high overall trust in individual health care providers among both groups, beliefs persist about barriers to and benefits of clinical trial participation among Black/African American patients. Findings highlight specific ways that education and resources about clinical trials could be tailored to better suit the informational and decision-making needs and preferences of Black/African American oncology patients.
AB - BACKGROUND: Black/African American adults are underrepresented in oncology clinical trials in the United States, despite efforts at narrowing this disparity.OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore differences in how Black/African American oncology patients perceive clinical trials to improve support for the clinical trial participation decision-making process.METHODS: As part of a larger randomized controlled trial, a total of 244 adult oncology patients receiving active treatment or follow-up care completed a cross-sectional baseline survey on sociodemographic characteristics, clinical trial knowledge, health literacy, perceptions of cancer clinical trials, patient activation, patient advocacy, health care self-efficacy, decisional conflict, and clinical trial intentions. Self-reported race was dichotomized into Black/African American and non-Black/African American. As appropriate, 2-tailed t tests and chi-square tests of independence were used to examine differences between groups.RESULTS: Black/African American participants had lower clinical trial knowledge (P=.006), lower health literacy (P<.001), and more medical mistrust (all P values <.05) than non-Black/African American participants. While intentions to participate in a clinical trial, if offered, did not vary between Black/African American and non-Black/African American participants, Black/African American participants indicated lower awareness of clinical trials, fewer benefits of clinical trials, and more uncertainty around clinical trial decision-making (all P values <.05). There were no differences for other variables.CONCLUSIONS: Despite no significant differences in intent to participate in a clinical trial if offered and high overall trust in individual health care providers among both groups, beliefs persist about barriers to and benefits of clinical trial participation among Black/African American patients. Findings highlight specific ways that education and resources about clinical trials could be tailored to better suit the informational and decision-making needs and preferences of Black/African American oncology patients.
KW - cancer
KW - decision-making
KW - medical mistrust
KW - oncology clinical trial
KW - racial disparity
KW - Decision Making
KW - Patient Participation/psychology
KW - Cross-Sectional Studies
KW - United States
KW - Humans
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Health Literacy
KW - Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice/ethnology
KW - Male
KW - Clinical Trials as Topic
KW - Black or African American/psychology
KW - Neoplasms/therapy
KW - Healthcare Disparities/ethnology
KW - Female
KW - Adult
KW - Aged
UR - https://doi.org/10.2196/56048
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85205944300&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2196/56048
DO - 10.2196/56048
M3 - Article
C2 - 39348891
SN - 2369-1999
VL - 10
SP - e56048
JO - JMIR Cancer
JF - JMIR Cancer
M1 - e56048
ER -
