TY - JOUR
T1 - Diverse mechanisms of AKT pathway activation in human malignancy
AU - Cheung, Mitchell
AU - Testa, Joseph R.
PY - 2013
Y1 - 2013
N2 - AKT/PKB (Protein Kinase B) are central proteins mediating signals from receptor tyrosine kinases and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. AKT kinases are involved in a number of important cellular processes including cell proliferation and survival, cell size in response to nutrient availability, tumor invasion/metastasis, and angiogenesis. Various components of the AKT signaling pathway are encoded by tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes whose loss or activation, respectively, plays an important role in tumorigenesis. The growing body of evidence connecting deregulated AKT signaling with sporadic human cancers and inherited cancer predisposition syndromes is discussed. We also highlight new findings regarding the involvement of activating mutations of AKT1, AKT2, and AKT3 in somatic overgrowth disorders: Proteus syndrome, hypoglycemia with hypertrophy, and hemimegalencephaly, respectively. In addition, we review recent literature documenting the various ways the AKT signaling pathway is activated in human cancers and consequences for molecularly targeted therapies.
AB - AKT/PKB (Protein Kinase B) are central proteins mediating signals from receptor tyrosine kinases and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. AKT kinases are involved in a number of important cellular processes including cell proliferation and survival, cell size in response to nutrient availability, tumor invasion/metastasis, and angiogenesis. Various components of the AKT signaling pathway are encoded by tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes whose loss or activation, respectively, plays an important role in tumorigenesis. The growing body of evidence connecting deregulated AKT signaling with sporadic human cancers and inherited cancer predisposition syndromes is discussed. We also highlight new findings regarding the involvement of activating mutations of AKT1, AKT2, and AKT3 in somatic overgrowth disorders: Proteus syndrome, hypoglycemia with hypertrophy, and hemimegalencephaly, respectively. In addition, we review recent literature documenting the various ways the AKT signaling pathway is activated in human cancers and consequences for molecularly targeted therapies.
KW - AKT/PKB kinases
KW - Hemimegalencephaly
KW - Human malignancy
KW - Hypoglycemia
KW - Oncogenes
KW - Proteus syndrome
KW - Targeted therapies
KW - Tumor suppressor genes
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84876852762&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=purepublist2023&SrcAuth=WosAPI&KeyUT=WOS:000317924100002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS
U2 - 10.2174/1568009611313030002
DO - 10.2174/1568009611313030002
M3 - Review article
C2 - 23297823
SN - 1568-0096
VL - 13
SP - 234
EP - 244
JO - Current Cancer Drug Targets
JF - Current Cancer Drug Targets
IS - 3
ER -